In addition, many IV medicines are added to infusion bags, often containing NaCl. Newer colloids have better side effect profiles, however studies comparing the two have not shown any differences in patient survival.Figure 1 illustrates the different fluid compartments that exist in the human body, and how common IV fluids distributes within the body.Once the goals of fluid resuscitation have been achieved, the level of fluid administration should be adjusted for maintenance treatment. For immediate assistance, contact Customer Service: Overloading with salt and water during resuscitation is often unavoidable and can take days or weeks to resolve, so it is important to switch as soon as possible to a regimen that matches physiological needs more closely, to avoid further overloading.The basal requirements for young adults are approximately:A 60kg male patient has the following daily requirements:His requirements can be approximately met from the following prescription:2 x 1L bags of glucose 4%/saline 0.18% with 20mmol of K, each given over 12 hours (each bag contains 30mmol of Na).A worked example of how these requirements can be met for a 60kg and an 80kg patient is shown in Panel 2. New England Journal of Medicine 2001;345:1368–77.6. your express consent. Sister Cathy Richardson, Kidney Assessment Team . Elderly patients are more likely to have cardiac, respiratory and renal impairment, and have a lower reserve capacity than younger patients. For information on cookies and how you can disable them visit our You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Fluid, electrolytes and nutrition: physiological andclinical aspects. London: The Agency; 2003.7. 800-638-3030 (within USA), 301-223-2300 (international)Registered users can save articles, searches, and manage email alerts.Your message has been successfully sent to your colleague.Some error has occurred while processing your request. Aber TS, Hosac AM, Veach MP, Pierre YW. An available guide for intravenous drug administration might be useful. Reviewing one prescribed item or section of a prescription in isolation does not provide a clear picture of the patient’s treatment.A treatment review is likely to identify more significant clinical problems than a simple prescription review and pharmacists should aim to review patients comprehensively whenever possible. Pharmacist administration of intravenous medications in a pediatric service. Message: For information on cookies and how you can disable them visit our You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. In 2007, a National Patient Safety Agency alert (“Promoting safer use of injectable medicines”) focused attention on the safety and effectiveness of intravenous treatment. However, hypovoleamia cannot be excluded, especially for patients who have suffered large preoperative fluid losses. The purpose of this guideline is to provide guidance for the administration of intravenous medications to pediatric patients across these care settings. Centralised additive services are provided in a number of hospital pharmacy departments and should be used in preference to making additions on wards. For example:Drug monographs for many IV medicines, which include the sodium content of the drug after reconstitution, can be accessed at Some case examples, highlighting some of the problems that can occur with patients receiving IV fluid therapy and the lessons that can be learnt from them, are described in Panel 5.A 78-year-old male is admitted to a surgical admissions ward with acute abdominal pain. Subscribe to our free alerts. This case was compounded by different doctors prescribing retrospectively and without referring to daily blood results.

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